{"id":100,"date":"2019-04-29T11:05:13","date_gmt":"2019-04-29T11:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/envothemes.com\/envo-ecommerce\/?p=100"},"modified":"2023-12-17T15:14:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T12:14:58","slug":"quis-autem-vel-eum-iure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/2019\/04\/29\/quis-autem-vel-eum-iure\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7im Alan Tesis Y\u00f6ntemleri ve Y\u00f6netimi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"100\" class=\"elementor elementor-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55d5d172 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"55d5d172\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65718dd3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65718dd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.18.0 - 20-12-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a01. \u00c7\u0130M ALAN TES\u0130S\u0130<br \/>1.1. \u00c7im Bitkileri<br \/>1.1.1. Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00d6nemi<br \/>\u00c7im, yumak g\u00f6vde \u015fekli olu\u015fturan bir bitkidir. \u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7im t\u00fcrleri dik geli\u015firler ve 90 cm kadar<br \/>boylan\u0131rlar. Yapraklar\u0131 t\u00fcys\u00fcz, parlak ye\u015fil renkte ve gen\u00e7 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerde yaprak ayalar\u0131 katlanm\u0131\u015f<br \/>durumdad\u0131r. Ba\u015fak\u00e7\u0131k toplulu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 cm uzunlu\u011funda bir ba\u015fak olu\u015fturur. \u00c7im tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>bin tane a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortalama 2 gramd\u0131r.<br \/>Tek y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7imlerin tek y\u0131ll\u0131k ve iki y\u0131ll\u0131k, iki alt varyetesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Tek y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7imler \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7ime<br \/>g\u00f6re daha uzun boylu olurlar, g\u00f6vdeleri dik geli\u015fir ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 130 cm kadar boylan\u0131r. Tek y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7imin<br \/>yapraklar\u0131 da t\u00fcys\u00fczd\u00fcr. Fakat gen\u00e7 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin yaprak ayalar\u0131 katlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fak\u00e7\u0131k toplulu\u011fu<br \/>daha uzun boyludur.<br \/>1.1.2. . \u00c7\u0130MLER\u0130N GENEL \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<br \/>1.1.2.1. DI\u015e YAPISAL \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<br \/>\u00bb K\u00f6k ve k\u00f6kbo\u011faz\u0131<br \/>\u00bb Sap (G\u00f6vde)<br \/>\u00bb Yaprak<br \/>1.1.2.2. YA\u015eAM FORMU \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<br \/>\u00bb Yumak<br \/>\u00bb Rizom<br \/>\u00bb Stolon<br \/>2 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>1.1.2.3.\u00c7\u0130M ALANLARININ YAPIMINDA KULLANILAN T\u00dcRLER<br \/>\u00c7im alanlarda kullan\u0131lan bitkiler \u00fc\u00e7 grupta toplan\u0131r:<br \/>a.Bu\u011fdaygil<br \/>b.Baklagil<br \/>c.Di\u011fer familyalar<br \/>a) Bu\u011fdaygil \u00c7im Bitkileri<br \/>\u00bb AGROST\u0130S (TAVUSOTLARI)<br \/>\u00bb FESTUCA (YUMAKLAR)<br \/>\u00bb POA (SALKIMLAR)<br \/>\u00bb LOL\u0130UM (\u00c7\u0130MLER)<br \/>Bu\u011fdaygil \u00e7im bitkileri optimum b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 istekleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden iki ana gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>1.1.Serin \u0130klim \u00c7im \u00c7e\u015fitleri<br \/>Baz\u0131 Serin \u0130klim \u00c7im Tohumlar\u0131<br \/>1. Agrostis tenuis (Narin Tavus otu)<br \/>2. Agrostis canina (Kahverengi Tavus otu)<br \/>3. Agrostis stolonifera (S\u00fcl\u00fckl\u00fc tavus otu)<br \/>4. Festuca rubra (K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yumak)<br \/>5. Festuca ovina (Koyun Yuma\u011f\u0131)<br \/>6. Festuca arundinacea (Kam\u0131\u015fs\u0131 yumak)<br \/>7. Festuca longifolia (Uzun yaprakl\u0131 yumak)<br \/>8. Lolium perenne (\u0130ngiliz \u00e7imi)<br \/>9. Poa pratensis (\u00c7ay\u0131r salk\u0131m otu)<br \/>10. Lolium multiflorum (\u0130talyan \u00e7imi)<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 3<br \/>1.2. S\u0131cak \u0130klim \u00c7im \u00c7e\u015fitleri<br \/>Bermuda \u00e7imi: Kurakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgeleri seven bir t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<br \/>Uganda \u00e7imi: Uganda \u00e7imi \u00fclkemizde Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi gibi s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgelere iyi uyum sa\u011flayan bir<br \/>t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Hemen hemen her t\u00fcr topra\u011fa uyum sa\u011flar.<br \/>Bermuda \u00c7imi Uganda \u00c7imi<br \/>1.2. Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<br \/>\u00c7im bitkileri, oyun sahalar\u0131, park ve bah\u00e7eler, ye\u015fil alanlar, futbol ve golfsahalar\u0131 gibi alanlarda yer<br \/>\u00f6rt\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7imler, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc bozulan ve seyrekle\u015fen ye\u015fil alanlar, oyun sahalar\u0131,<br \/>park ve bah\u00e7elerde \u00fcstten tohumlama yap\u0131larak bu alanlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi amac\u0131yla da kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>Parklar Futbol Sahas\u0131<br \/>Park ve Oyun Sahas\u0131 Golf Sahas\u0131<br \/>4 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>1.2.1. Kullan\u0131lacak Tohum Miktar\u0131Ve Kullan\u0131labilecek Tohum Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131<br \/>1.2.1.1 \u00c7im Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m<br \/>1. Spor Alanlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in 5\u2019li Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00d6rne\u011fi<br \/>% 40 Loliumperenne<br \/>% 10 Festucarubrarubra<br \/>% 10 Festucarubracommutata<br \/>% 15 Festucarubratrichophylla<br \/>% 25 Poapratensis<br \/>2. Deniz Kenar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in 4\u2019l\u00fc Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00d6rne\u011fi<br \/>% 25 Loliumperenne<br \/>% 10 Festucarubrarubra<br \/>% 55 Festucaarundinacea<br \/>% 10 Festucarubracommutata<br \/>3.Ankara \u0130\u00e7in, Genel Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Sahalarda Kullan\u0131lan Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00d6rneklerinden 2 tanesi<br \/>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m 1<br \/>%60 Festuca arundinacea<br \/>%20 Lolium perenne<br \/>%10 Lolium perenne<br \/>%10 Festuca rubra rubra<br \/>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m 1<br \/>%40 Lolium perenne<br \/>%30 Festuca rubra rubra<br \/>%20 Festuca rubra commutata<br \/>%10 Poa pratensis<br \/>\u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda ekilecek tohum miktar\u0131 hesaplan\u0131rken kullan\u0131lacak \u00e7im tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n sertifikal\u0131,<br \/>yeni tarihli ve \u00e7imlenme y\u00fczdesi % 90 ve \u00fcst\u00fc olan tohumlardan se\u00e7ilmesi gerekir. Bu \u00f6zelliklere<br \/>sahip tohumlardan 1 m2\u2018lik alana 30-40 g kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak iri tohumlar\u0131n daha fazla oldu\u011fu<br \/>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda bu miktar 50 grama kadar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. \u00c7imlenme kabiliyeti az tohumlardan 1 m2<br \/>\u2018lik<br \/>alana daha fazla tohum at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>C\u0130NS G\u00dcN SICAKLIK (C)<br \/>Loliumperenne (\u0130ngiliz \u00e7imi) 7-12 15-20<br \/>Festucarubra (K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131yumak) 9-15 15-20<br \/>Festucaarundinacea (Kam\u0131\u015fs\u0131 yumak) 9-15 15-20<br \/>Agrostistenuis (Narin Tavus otu) 13-21 15-20<br \/>Poapratensis (\u00c7ay\u0131r salk\u0131m otu) 12-28 15-20<br \/>Baz\u0131 \u00e7im tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7imlenme zamanlar\u0131<br \/>\u00c7im tohumunu fazla kullanmak, birim alandan daha fazla bitki \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Fakat bu<br \/>durum rekabeti art\u0131r\u0131r ve birbirlerinin \u0131\u015f\u0131k almas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Sonu\u00e7ta tohum s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 o<br \/>noktada nem oran\u0131 artar ve hastal\u0131k etmenlerinin de etkisiyle \u00e7imde yanmalar ba\u015flar ve \u00e7im ortadan<br \/>kaybolur.<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 5<br \/>1.2.2. Kullan\u0131lacak G\u00fcbre Miktar\u0131<br \/>\u00c7imlerin bi\u00e7imi s\u0131k yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcbre ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 di\u011fer bitkilerden daha fazlad\u0131r. \u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda<br \/>g\u00fcbreleme yap\u0131l\u0131rken zamana, \u00e7im \u00e7e\u015fidine ve g\u00fcbrenin at\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015fekline dikkat etmek gerekir.<br \/>Azot\u2019lu g\u00fcbreler kullan\u0131l\u0131rken y\u0131l\u0131n belirli d\u00f6nemlerine yay\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda azotlu g\u00fcbreler<br \/>vejetatif geli\u015fimi te\u015fvik eder. Fakat a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 ye\u015fil aksamda fazla geli\u015fmeye neden olarak zor<br \/>\u015fartlara dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131r. \u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda dekara y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama 5-10 kg saf azot verilmelidir. \u00c7ok<br \/>s\u0131cak havalarda azot g\u00fcbreleme yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bitkilerin yanma tehlikesi vard\u0131r. Sulama<br \/>g\u00fcbrelemenin hemen ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Fosfor\u2019lu g\u00fcbreler bitki k\u00f6k geli\u015fimini te\u015fvik eder. \u00c7im sahalara y\u0131lda dekara 5 kg saf fosfor verilmelidir.<br \/>Fosforlu g\u00fcbrelerin fazla verilmesi baz\u0131 yabanc\u0131 otlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Potasyum\u2019lu g\u00fcbreler<br \/>\u00e7im bitkilerinin yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flamla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. B\u00f6ylece \u00e7imler hastal\u0131k ve zararl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 daha<br \/>dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olur.<br \/>\u00c7im alanlarda ekim sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lacak kimyasal g\u00fcbreleme, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve k\u00f6k b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131,<br \/>renk, fotosentez, hastal\u0131klara dayan\u0131m, karde\u015flenme ve bitkinin yenilenme yetene\u011fi gibi \u00f6nemli<br \/>bitki \u00f6zelliklerinin geli\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fartt\u0131r.<br \/>Azotlu g\u00fcbre<br \/>2.\u00c7\u0130M EK\u0130M\u0130<br \/>2.1.EK\u0130M \u0130\u00c7\u0130N TOPRAK HAZIRLI\u011eI<br \/>\u00c7im tohumunun iyi bir k\u00f6k geli\u015fimi g\u00f6stermesi ve suyun toprakta tutulabilmesi i\u00e7in topra\u011f\u0131n 20-40<br \/>cm derinlikte i\u015flenmesi gerekmektedir. Zay\u0131f kumlu topraklara 5 cm kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda organik madde<br \/>(hayvan g\u00fcbresi veya kompost) ilave edilir ve 15-20 cm\u2019lik \u00fcst tabakaya kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece topra\u011f\u0131n<br \/>su tutma kapasitesi artt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131r killi topraklara 5 cm kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda % 70 kum ve % 30 organik<br \/>madde i\u00e7eren kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m ilave edilir ve 15-20 cm\u2019lik \u00fcst tabakaya kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece topra\u011f\u0131n fazla<br \/>sertle\u015fmesi \u00f6nlenmi\u015f olur. Burada dikkat edilecek en \u00f6nemli husus toprak haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak<br \/>g\u00fcbrenin yabanc\u0131 ot tohumlar\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>6 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>Kaba ve ince tesviyesi yap\u0131lan toprak silindirlenerek ekime haz\u0131r hale getirilir.\u00c7im ekilecek alan<br \/>y\u00fczeysel i\u015flendikten sonra tesviye yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tesviye i\u015flemi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc<br \/>tesviye yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir alanda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ukurlar ve tepecikler kalmaktad\u0131r. Bu tepecik ve \u00e7ukurlar alan<br \/>\u00e7imlendirildikten sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lacak t\u00fcm bak\u0131m i\u015flerini olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir.<br \/>Ekimden \u00f6nce topra\u011fa 15*15*15 NPK veya 20*20*0 NPK (kompoze g\u00fcbre) metrekareye 25 gr<br \/>atarsan\u0131z tohumlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f performans\u0131 daha iyi olur.<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 7<br \/>2.2.\u00c7\u0130M TOHUMU EK\u0130M METODU<br \/>Ekime haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f toprak tabakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine<br \/>m2\u2019ye 40-50 gr hesab\u0131yla \u00e7im tohumlar\u0131 elle<br \/>veya makinayla ekilir. Homojen bir ekim i\u00e7in<br \/>tohum sahan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131na enlemesine, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131na<br \/>da boylamas\u0131na ekilir. \u00c7im tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczeri<br \/>maksimum 2 cm kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en az bir y\u0131l yanm\u0131\u015f,<br \/>elenmi\u015f hayvansal g\u00fcbre veya torf ile kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Toprak y\u00fczeyi silindir ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra<br \/>sulamaya ge\u00e7ilmelidir. Burada dikkat edilecek en<br \/>\u00f6nemli husus kapak olarak kullan\u0131lacak torfun<br \/>tuzlu olmamas\u0131 ve bitki besin maddeleriyle takviye<br \/>edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>8 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>2.3.\u00c7\u0130M TOHUMU \u0130\u00c7\u0130N EK\u0130M ZAMANI<br \/>K\u0131y\u0131 B\u00f6lgelerimizde<br \/>\u015eubat &#8211; May\u0131s\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131 \/ Eyl\u00fcl &#8211; Kas\u0131m\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131<br \/>\u0130\u00e7 B\u00f6lgelerimizde<br \/>Mart\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131 &#8211; May\u0131s \/ Eyl\u00fcl \u2013 Ekim<br \/>\u00c7im tohumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in minimum \u00e7imlenme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>1-5 \u00b0C\u2019d\u0131r. Fakat bu s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda \u00e7imlenme s\u00fcresi<br \/>\u00e7ok uzar. S\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7imlenme h\u0131z\u0131 ve g\u00fcc\u00fc<br \/>y\u00fckselir. \u00c7imlenme i\u00e7in ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k 15-20<br \/>\u00b0C\u2019dir. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferlerinde \u00e7imlenme h\u0131zlan\u0131r ve<br \/>fideler toprak y\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kar. 25-30 \u00b0C gibi y\u00fcksek<br \/>s\u0131caklarda \u00e7imlenme oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer ve fide geli\u015fiminde<br \/>zay\u0131flama g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<br \/>a) Ekim Tarihleri : Kuzeyde, Nisan, May\u0131s, Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131<br \/>ekim yapmak i\u00e7in uygun aylard\u0131r. Mart, Haziran,<br \/>Temmuz, A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda ise ancak hava \u015fartlar\u0131<br \/>uygun oldu\u011fu takdirde ekim yap\u0131labilir. Di\u011fer aylar<br \/>ekim yapmaya uygun de\u011fildir. G\u00fcneyde, \u015eubat, Mart,<br \/>Nisan, May\u0131s, Eyl\u00fcl, Ekim, Kas\u0131m aylar\u0131 ekim i\u00e7in<br \/>uygun aylard\u0131r. Haziran, Temmuz, A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda<br \/>ise ancak hava \u015fartlar\u0131 uygun oldu\u011fu takdirde ekim<br \/>yap\u0131labilir. Di\u011fer aylar ekim yapmaya uygun de\u011fildir.<br \/>b) Ekim Y\u00f6ntemi : Tohumlar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Tohumlar\u0131n<br \/>yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bir y\u00f6ne, kalan yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ise di\u011fer y\u00f6ne do\u011fru<br \/>y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek serpin. Bir ge\u00e7ti\u011finiz yerden bir daha<br \/>ge\u00e7memek i\u00e7in ekim yap\u0131lacak alan\u0131 parsellere b\u00f6l\u00fcn.<br \/>\u00c7im ekilecek alan\u0131n kenarlar\u0131na daha fazla tohum<br \/>serperek, \u00e7im alan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirginle\u015ftirin. T\u0131rm\u0131k<br \/>yard\u0131m\u0131yla, tohumlar\u0131n \u00fczerini hafif\u00e7e toprakla<br \/>kapat\u0131n (1 cm\u2019den az). Bunu yaparken , tohumlar\u0131<br \/>bir araya toplamamaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin. Tohumlar\u0131n<br \/>\u00fczerini ince elenmi\u015f toprakla kapat\u0131n. Tohumlar\u0131n<br \/>toprakla tam olarak temas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kuru<br \/>toprak zemini rulo yard\u0131m\u0131yla iyice s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Kurakl\u0131k<br \/>zaman\u0131nda, hafif ya\u011fmurlama ile sulayarak, topra\u011f\u0131<br \/>5 cm derinli\u011fe ula\u015facak \u015fekilde nemli tutun.<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 9<br \/>2.4.SULAMA<br \/>\u00c7im tohumlar\u0131 ekildikten hemen sonra sulama i\u015flemine ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yeni ekimlerde topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst<br \/>tabakas\u0131 2-3 hafta nemli kalmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fczenli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 sulama i\u00e7in sabahlar\u0131 erken , ak\u015famlar\u0131 ge\u00e7<br \/>saatler se\u00e7ilmelidir. G\u00fcne\u015fin etkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 saatler sulama i\u00e7in idealdir. Sulama miktar\u0131 hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>ve buharla\u015fma oran\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ya\u011fmurlama sulama , sulama tekni\u011fi i\u00e7in en uygun olan\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Ya\u011fmurlama sulama y\u00f6nteminin di\u011fer sulama sistemlerine g\u00f6re \u00fcst\u00fcn y\u00f6nleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<br \/>\u00bb E\u011fimli alanlarda y\u00fcksek sulama rand\u0131man\u0131 sa\u011flar.<br \/>\u00bb \u00c7im alan\u0131 parsellere ayr\u0131larak her bitki i\u00e7in istenilen miktar su ve sulama s\u00fcresi kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Dengeli bir su da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile sulama rand\u0131man\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Di\u011fer sulama y\u00f6ntemlerine g\u00f6re daha geni\u015f bir alan sulanabilir.<br \/>\u00bb Bu y\u00f6ntem ile bitki stresi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeye indirilir.<br \/>\u00bb Bak\u0131m i\u015fleri \u00e7ok az bir i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmektedir.<br \/>Bu sistem ile y\u00fcksek olan ilk tesis masraflar\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kendini amorti eder.<br \/>2.5.B\u0130\u00c7\u0130M<br \/>\u00c7im alanlarda ilk bi\u00e7im \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. K\u00f6kler tam olarak geli\u015fmedi\u011finden ilk bi\u00e7imden \u00f6nce ve<br \/>sonra alan mutlaka silindirlenmeli ve kullan\u0131lacak olan bi\u00e7im arac\u0131n\u0131n ( makas veya \u00e7im bi\u00e7me<br \/>makinas\u0131) b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131 mutlaka keskinle\u015ftirilmelidir. \u0130lk bi\u00e7imde \u00e7imler 8 cm y\u00fcksekli\u011fe geldi\u011finde<br \/>6 cm\u2019ye indirilmelidir. Sonraki bi\u00e7imlerde \u00e7im y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 5-6 cm\u2019den 3-4 cm\u2019ye indirilmelidir. Her<br \/>bi\u00e7imde yaprak y\u00fcksekli\u011finin 1\/3\u2019\u00fc bi\u00e7ilmelidir. Burada dikkat edilecek en \u00f6nemli husus her bi\u00e7imde<br \/>bi\u00e7im y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir. \u00c7imler ortalama 10-12 g\u00fcnde bir bi\u00e7ilmeli ve \u00e7im k\u00f6klerinin daha<br \/>sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve sa\u011flam geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in bi\u00e7im y\u00f6n\u00fc her zaman ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>10 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>2.6.G\u00dcBRELEME<br \/>\u00c7im alanlarda g\u00fcbreleme (\u00f6zellikle ekimden sonra kimyasal g\u00fcbreleme), s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve k\u00f6k b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi,<br \/>s\u00fcrg\u00fcn s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, renk, fotosentez, hastal\u0131klara dayan\u0131m, karde\u015flenme, bitkinin yenilenme yetene\u011fi<br \/>gibi \u00f6nemli bitki \u00f6zelliklerinin geli\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fartt\u0131r. Sulama, bitkinin besin maddelerini kullan\u0131m\u0131,<br \/>alan\u0131n y\u0131pranmas\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler zamanla topraktaki bitki besin maddelerinin azalmas\u0131na sebep<br \/>olmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00fcbreleme program\u0131 uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>G\u00dcBRELEME ZAMANI G\u00dcBRE C\u0130NS\u0130 M\u0130KTAR (gr\/ m2)<br \/>Mart \/ Nisan Amonyumnitrat 20-30<br \/>May\u0131s Green Star \u00c7im Bak\u0131m G\u00fcbresi 25<br \/>Haziran \/ Temmuz Amonyumnitrat 20-30<br \/>Eyl\u00fcl Green Star 25<br \/>G\u00fcbre \u00e7im alan kuruyken sabah veya ak\u015fam saatlerinde uygulanmal\u0131 ve daha sonra sulanmal\u0131d\u0131.<br \/>2.7. YABANCI OT M\u00dcCADELES\u0130<br \/>Yabanc\u0131 otlar \u00e7imlerin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli besin maddelerini, nemi ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullanarak \u00e7imlerin<br \/>ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemektedir. \u00c7im alan tesis olduktan sonra \u00e7\u0131kan geni\u015f yaprakl\u0131 otlar\u0131 yok etmek<br \/>i\u00e7in 2-4 D.Amin i\u00e7erikli yabanc\u0131 ot ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uygulama r\u00fczgars\u0131z havalarda yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve<br \/>alan en az bir g\u00fcn sulanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>1 2 3 4<br \/>5 6 7 8<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 11<br \/>\u00bb Koruma \u00f6nlemleri ile m\u00fccadele: Bu y\u00f6ntemde ekimden \u00f6nce toprak iyi bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Toprak fumigasyonu, \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k yabanc\u0131 ot t\u00fcrlerinin art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesi, sertifikal\u0131 tohumlar\u0131n<br \/>kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00e7im ekimi yap\u0131lmayacak alanlarda toprak i\u015flemenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yabanc\u0131 ot sorununu<br \/>b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Fiziki m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemi: \u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda bulunan yabanc\u0131 otlar\u0131n el veya de\u011fi\u015fik aletler ile<br \/>s\u00f6k\u00fclmesi esas\u0131na dayanan bir m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemidir.<br \/>\u00bb Bi\u00e7me y\u00f6ntemi ile m\u00fccadele: Bu m\u00fccadele y\u00f6nteminde \u00f6zellikle uzun boylu, \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k yabanc\u0131<br \/>ot t\u00fcrleri \u00e7i\u00e7ek d\u00f6neminde bi\u00e7ilerek \u00e7im alanlar\u0131ndaki yo\u011funluklar\u0131 azalt\u0131lmaya veya yok edilmeye<br \/>\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Kimyasal ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131larak m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemi: \u00c7im alanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen yabanc\u0131 otlarla m\u00fccadelede<br \/>son y\u0131llarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Bu m\u00fccadele y\u00f6nteminde kullan\u0131lan kimyasal<br \/>ila\u00e7lar yabanc\u0131 otlara etki \u015fekillerine g\u00f6re kontak ve sistemik etkili olmak \u00fczere iki gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>Kontak etkili ila\u00e7lar uyguland\u0131klar\u0131 bitki organlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu ila\u00e7lar sadece tek y\u0131ll\u0131k, geni\u015f<br \/>yaprakl\u0131 yabanc\u0131 otlara kar\u015f\u0131 etkilidir. Sistemik etkili ila\u00e7lar ise bitki dokular\u0131na girerek yay\u0131l\u0131r ve bitki<br \/>metabolizmas\u0131n\u0131 bozar. Yabanc\u0131 otlar\u0131n fotosentez, n\u00fckleit asit veya protein sentezini engelleyerek<br \/>\u00f6lmelerine neden olurlar. \u0130la\u00e7lama yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1-4 g\u00fcn sonra yabanc\u0131 otlarda \u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015flar.<br \/>2.8. HAZIR \u00c7\u0130M SERME<br \/>Haz\u0131r \u00e7im serilirken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki usullere uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Haz\u0131r \u00e7im, alan\u0131n en geni\u015f k\u00f6\u015fesinden ba\u015flanarak serilmelidir. \u00c7im rulolar\u0131 hal\u0131 gibi d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve<br \/>bo\u015fluk olmayacak \u015fekilde serilmeli, k\u00f6\u015feler keskin bir b\u0131\u00e7ak yard\u0131m\u0131yla d\u00fczeltilmelidir.<br \/>\u00bb \u00c7abuk \u00e7imlenir ve h\u0131zl\u0131 yap\u0131lan\u0131r. Alan\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kaplar ve yabanc\u0131 otlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesini \u00f6nler.<br \/>\u00bb \u00c7ok koyu ye\u015fil renkli, ince ve s\u0131k dokuludur.<br \/>\u00bb Bas\u0131lmaya ve y\u0131pranmaya \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Agresif yap\u0131s\u0131 ve y\u0131pranmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sayesinde erken ve kolay hasat sa\u011flar.<br \/>\u00bb Hasar g\u00f6ren alanlardaki rizom yenilenmesi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Makine kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan meydana gelen<br \/>y\u0131pranmalara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Az bi\u00e7im ister.<br \/>\u00bb K\u0131sa bi\u00e7ime \u00e7ok elveri\u015flidir.<br \/>\u00bb Hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.<br \/>\u00bb Kalitesi ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek, bak\u0131m maliyeti daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ye\u015fil alanlar olu\u015fturur.<br \/>12 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>\u00bb Rulolar\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131 ve kenarlar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra yere bas\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Rulolar aras\u0131nda<br \/>bo\u015fluk almamal\u0131 ve d\u00f6\u015fenen rulolar \u00fcst \u00fcste gelmemelidir.<br \/>\u00bb Rulo \u00e7imin bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini k\u0131saca anlatal\u0131m: \u00c7imi serdikten sonra iyice s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f<br \/>hatta tokmakla ya da silindirle iyice \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7mi\u015ftik. \u00c7imi ilk serdi\u011finizde iyice sulaman\u0131zda<br \/>\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda vard\u0131r. \u00dczerinde gezilmeyecek kadar \u0131slatman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz. Bu ilk serme i\u015flemi<br \/>sonras\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131n oturmas\u0131n\u0131 ve arada hava kalmamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00c7imin periyodik olarak<br \/>sulanmas\u0131, \u0131slat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde g\u00fcbreleme ve bi\u00e7ilme i\u015flemi de periyodik bir<br \/>\u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemleri periyodik ve do\u011fru yapman\u0131z halinde \u00e7imleriniz sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun<br \/>\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olacakt\u0131r.<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 13<br \/>2.9. HAVALANDIRMA VE TIRMIKLAMA<br \/>\u00bb \u00c7im alanlarda \u00e7imlerin beslenememesinden \u00e7ok, fazla ve k\u0131sa bi\u00e7imden, kire\u00e7 azl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, drenaj\u0131n<br \/>k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131ndan, g\u00f6lgeden, sabah \u00e7iyinden, \u00fcst toprak tabakas\u0131n\u0131n inceli\u011finden, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmadan dolay\u0131<br \/>yosun tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fur. \u00d6ncelikli olarak olu\u015fan yosunun kaz\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u00c7ok gerekli ise<br \/>ila\u00e7l\u0131 m\u00fccadele yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\u00bb Havaland\u0131rma, yosun tabakas\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, \u00e7im alanlarda<br \/>k\u00f6k havalanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak, drenaj\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek, yeni k\u00f6k geli\u015fimini tetiklemek yaz\u0131n kura\u011f\u0131na<br \/>dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak gibi bir\u00e7ok faydalarda sa\u011flar.<br \/>\u00bb Bu i\u015flem a\u011f\u0131r bir i\u015f\u00e7ilik gerektirdi\u011finden senede bir kere yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Havaland\u0131rma<br \/>i\u015flemi \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k zeminli, drenaj\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc olan alanlarda \u00e7ok yararl\u0131d\u0131r. Havaland\u0131rma<br \/>i\u015flemi alan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00f6zel makinelerle de yap\u0131labilir.<br \/>\u00bb Havaland\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak senede bir kere t\u0131rm\u0131klama yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>T\u0131rm\u0131klaman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7imleri toplamay\u0131 sa\u011flama, ke\u00e7ele\u015fmeyi \u00f6nleme,<br \/>yay\u0131l\u0131c\u0131 otlar\u0131 havaya kald\u0131r\u0131p bi\u00e7ilmesine kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flama, yeni<br \/>s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve karde\u015flenmeyi etkileme gibi faydalar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<br \/>14 Bah\u00e7\u0131vanl\u0131k Rehberi<br \/>2.10 \u00c7\u0130M SAHALARDA AY AY BAKIM TAKV\u0130M\u0130<br \/>Ocak: Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7im alan bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak pek bir i\u015flem yoktur. Yaln\u0131zca \u00e7im \u00fczerined\u00f6k\u00fclen<br \/>kurumu\u015f yapraklar temizlenmelidir. Ancak donmu\u015f \u00e7imlerin ve alanda olu\u015fang\u00f6llenmelerin \u00fczerinde<br \/>y\u00fcr\u00fcnmemesi, dikkat edilmsi gereken \u00f6nemli bir noktad\u0131r.<br \/>\u015eubat: \u00c7im bak\u0131m i\u015flemlerinin yava\u015f yava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zaman dilimidir. Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde\u00e7im alan<br \/>\u00fczerinde ila\u00e7lama yap\u0131labilir. Ekim yap\u0131lacak alanlarda zemin haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015flanabilir.\u015eubat ay\u0131<br \/>sonunda ekim yapmaya ba\u015flanabilir.<br \/>Mart: \u00c7im alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131r. \u00c7imlerin geli\u015fmeleri h\u0131zlan\u0131r ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyeba\u015flar. \u00c7imin<br \/>geli\u015fmesini engellememek nedeniyle \u00e7imin \u00fczeri t\u0131rm\u0131klanarak kurumu\u015fyapraklar ve yabanc\u0131 maddeler<br \/>uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7im alanda yabanc\u0131 otlarla m\u00fccadele\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bu ay i\u00e7erisinde yap\u0131labilir. Ancak<br \/>bi\u00e7im s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7imin zarar g\u00f6rmemesi i\u00e7inzeminin kuru olmas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<br \/>Nisan: Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde aktif \u00e7im alan bak\u0131m i\u015flemleri h\u0131z kazan\u0131r. \u00c7imde su ihtiyac\u0131 belirirve<br \/>\u00e7im alanlar\u0131n 2-3 g\u00fcnde bir sulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Yaz g\u00fcbrelemesi i\u00e7in en uygun d\u00f6nemdir. Azot<br \/>esasl\u0131 Amonyum Nitrat i\u00e7erikli g\u00fcbreler \u00f6nerilmektedir. Ancak yaz g\u00fcbrelemesindeg\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde<br \/>bulundurulacak en \u00f6nemli husus; \u00e7imin alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k bir aktif ya\u015famsald\u00f6neme girecek olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu<br \/>nedenle \u00e7imin bu d\u00f6nemde besin ihtiyac\u0131na cevap verecekkontroll\u00fc salg\u0131lama yapabilen \u00dcmik asit<br \/>katk\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcbreler \u00f6nerilmektedir. Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde\u00e7im bi\u00e7imine belirli aral\u0131klarla (on-on be\u015f g\u00fcnde<br \/>bir) devam edilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca bu ay\u0131nortalar\u0131ndan sonraki d\u00f6nem \u00e7im ekim i\u015fleri i\u00e7in en uygun<br \/>d\u00f6nemdir.<br \/>May\u0131s: Yabanc\u0131 ot m\u00fccadelesi bu ay i\u00e7inde de yap\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca May\u0131s<br \/>ortalar\u0131na kadar ekimi\u015flemlerine devam edilebilir. \u00c7im bi\u00e7me aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>daha k\u0131salt\u0131lmal\u0131 ( yedi-on g\u00fcnde bir ) ve\u00e7im kesim boyu daha da<br \/>art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>Haziran: Hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iyice artmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu<br \/>ay i\u00e7erisinde sulama g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.Ancak<br \/>sulama i\u015finde en \u00f6nemli husus; g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde g\u00fcne\u015f<br \/>\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkisininaz oldu\u011fu saatlerde yani sabah<br \/>05:00 &#8211; 08:00 aras\u0131 veya ak\u015fam\u00fczeri 18:00 &#8211; 21:00<br \/>saatleriaras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir.<br \/>\u00c7im Alan Tesisi 15<br \/>Temmuz: Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde bi\u00e7im ve sulamaya<br \/>devam edilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca daha \u00f6nce g\u00fcbrelemeya<br \/>&#8211;<br \/>p\u0131lamam\u0131\u015fsa ve alanda yeteri kadar su varsa bu ay<br \/>i\u00e7erisinde de g\u00fcbreleme yap\u0131labilir.<br \/>A\u011fustos: Temmuz ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n<br \/>ayn\u0131s\u0131 yine bu ayda da yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer tatilvs.<br \/>nedenler dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7im alan ihmal edilmi\u015f ve \u00e7im<br \/>de sararmalar olu\u015fmu\u015fsa \u00e7im k\u0131saolarak bi\u00e7ilmeli ve<br \/>sulamaya devam edilmelidir.<br \/>Eyl\u00fcl: Bu ay esas \u00e7im ekimi i\u00e7in en uygun ayd\u0131r.<br \/>Ayr\u0131ca k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcbrelemesine bu ayda ba\u015flanabilir.\u00c7im<br \/>\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011fu yerlerde solucanlar; toprakta<br \/>belirmeye ba\u015flar. Bu nedenleuygun nitelikteki<br \/>ila\u00e7lar\u0131n topra\u011fa uygulanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<br \/>Ekim: Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde yapraklarda kuruma ve<br \/>d\u00f6k\u00fclme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu yapraklar \u00e7imin \u00fczerinden<br \/>&#8211;<br \/>temizlenmedi\u011fi takdirde mantarla\u015fma olu\u015fumu<br \/>g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7imin dip k\u0131sm\u0131ndatoprak y\u00fczeyinde<br \/>ke\u00e7ele\u015fmeler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve sonu\u00e7 olarak \u00e7im alanda<br \/>onar\u0131m\u0131 imkans\u0131z kelle\u015fmeler meydana gelir.<br \/>Kas\u0131m: \u00c7im alan bak\u0131m i\u015flemleri duraksama d\u00f6nemine<br \/>girer. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7imin \u00fczerine; alandaolu\u015fabilecek<br \/>donlardan ve so\u011fuklardan korumak ve bitkinin<br \/>besin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemekamac\u0131yla sterilize<br \/>edilmi\u015f yanm\u0131\u015f elenmi\u015f ah\u0131r g\u00fcbresi serilmelidir.<br \/>Aral\u0131k: Bu ay i\u00e7erisinde yap\u0131lacak pek bir i\u015f yoktur.<br \/>Bu ayda alet ve ekipmanlar bak\u0131ma al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca<br \/>donmu\u015f veya \u0131slak \u00e7im \u00fczerinde gezilmemesine<br \/>\u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a01. \u00c7\u0130M ALAN TES\u0130S\u01301.1. \u00c7im Bitkileri1.1.1. Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00d6nemi\u00c7im, yumak g\u00f6vde \u015fekli olu\u015fturan bir bitkidir. \u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7im t\u00fcrleri dik geli\u015firler ve 90 cm kadarboylan\u0131rlar. Yapraklar\u0131 t\u00fcys\u00fcz, parlak ye\u015fil renkte ve gen\u00e7 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerde yaprak ayalar\u0131 katlanm\u0131\u015fdurumdad\u0131r. Ba\u015fak\u00e7\u0131k toplulu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 cm uzunlu\u011funda bir ba\u015fak olu\u015fturur. \u00c7im tohumlar\u0131n\u0131nbin tane a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortalama 2 gramd\u0131r.Tek y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7imlerin tek&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2484,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,33],"tags":[34,35,36],"class_list":["post-100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-category-1","category-category-2","tag-tag-2","tag-tag-3","tag-tag-4"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Arka_Plan_1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2488,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100\/revisions\/2488"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kralkaya.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}